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Linearly independent vectors - OIMU 2009 Problem 2

Source:

May 23, 2010
vectorinvariantlinear algebramatrixanalytic geometryinductionlinear algebra unsolved

Problem Statement

Let x1,,xnx_1,\cdots, x_n be nonzero vectors of a vector space VV and φ:VV\varphi:V\to V be a linear transformation such that φx1=x1\varphi x_1 = x_1, φxk=xkxk1\varphi x_k = x_k - x_{k-1} for k=2,3,,nk = 2, 3,\ldots,n. Prove that the vectors x1,,xnx_1,\ldots,x_n are linearly independent.