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hang a weight 7 m below a ceiling

Source: Spanish Mathematical Olympiad 1966 P4

December 4, 2022
algebra

Problem Statement

You want to hang a weight PP so that it is 77 m below a ceiling. To do this, it is suspended by means of a vertical cable attached to the midpoint MM of a chain hung by its ends from two points on the ceiling AA and BB distant from each other 44 m. The price of the cable PMPM is pp pta/m and that of the chain AMBAMB is qq pta/m. It is requested: a) Determine the lengths of the cable and the chain to obtain the lowest price cost of installation. b) Discuss the solution for the different values of the relation p/qp/q of both prices. (It is assumed that the weight is large enough to be considered rectile lines the chain segments AMAM and MBMB).