MathDB
Very interesting subset problem

Source: 2021 Peru Cono Sur TST P4

July 11, 2023
combinatorics

Problem Statement

Let n5n\ge 5 be an integer. Consider 2n12n-1 subsets A1,A2,A3,,A2n1A_1, A_2, A_3, \ldots , A_{2n-1} of the set {1,2,3,,n}\{ 1, 2, 3,\ldots , n \}, these subsets have the property that each of them has 22 elements (that is that is, for 1i2n11 \le i \le 2n-1 it is true that AiA_i has 22 elements). Show that it is always possible to select nn of these subsets in such a way that the union of these nn subsets has at most 23n+1\frac{2}{3}n + 1 elements in total.