MathDB
Kathy's Cards

Source: 2018 AIME I #3

January 14, 2022
AMCAIMEAIME I

Problem Statement

Kathy has 55 red cards and 55 green cards. She shuffles the 1010 cards and lays out 55 of the cards in a row in a random order. She will be happy if and only if all the red cards laid out are adjacent and all the green cards laid out are adjacent. For example, card orders RRGGG, GGGGR, or RRRRR will make Kathy happy, but RRRGR will not. The probability that Kathy will be happy is mn\tfrac{m}{n}, where mm and nn are relatively prime positive integers. Find m+nm + n.