MathDB

2018 MMATHS

Part of MMATHS problems

Subcontests

(6)

2018 MMATHS Mixer Round - Math Majors of America Tournament for High Schools

p1. Suppose xy=0.ab\frac{x}{y} = 0.\overline{ab} where xx and yy are relatively prime positive integers and ab+a+b+1ab + a + b + 1 is a multiple of 1212. Find the sum of all possible values of yy.
p2. Let AA be the set of points {(0,0),(2,0),(0,2),(2,2),(3,1),(1,3)}\{(0, 0), (2, 0), (0, 2),(2, 2),(3, 1),(1, 3)\}. How many distinct circles pass through at least three points in AA?
p3. Jack and Jill need to bring pails of water home. The river is the xx-axis, Jack is initially at the point (5,3)(-5, 3), Jill is initially at the point (6,1)(6, 1), and their home is at the point (0,h)(0, h) where h>0h > 0. If they take the shortest paths home given that each of them must make a stop at the river, they walk exactly the same total distance. What is hh?
p4. What is the largest perfect square which is not a multiple of 1010 and which remains a perfect square if the ones and tens digits are replaced with zeroes?
p5. In convex polygon PP, each internal angle measure (in degrees) is a distinct integer. What is the maximum possible number of sides PP could have?
p6. How many polynomials p(x)p(x) of degree exactly 33 with real coefficients satisfy p(0),p(1),p(2),p(3){0,1,2}?p(0), p(1), p(2), p(3) \in \{0, 1, 2\}?
p7. Six spheres, each with radius 44, are resting on the ground. Their centers form a regular hexagon, and adjacent spheres are tangent. A seventh sphere, with radius 1313, rests on top of and is tangent to all six of these spheres. How high above the ground is the center of the seventh sphere?
p8. You have a paper square. You may fold it along any line of symmetry. (That is, the layers of paper must line up perfectly.) You then repeat this process using the folded piece of paper. If the direction of the folds does not matter, how many ways can you make exactly eight folds while following these rules?
p9. Quadrilateral ABCDABCD has AB=40\overline{AB} = 40, CD=10\overline{CD} = 10, AD=BC\overline{AD} = \overline{BC}, mBAD=20om\angle BAD = 20^o, and mABC=70om \angle ABC = 70^o. What is the area of quadrilateral ABCDABCD?
p10. We say that a permutation σ\sigma of the set {1,2,...,n}\{1, 2,..., n\} preserves divisibilty if σ(a)\sigma (a) divides σ(b)\sigma (b) whenever aa divides bb. How many permutations of {1,2,...,40}\{1, 2,..., 40\} preserve divisibility? (A permutation of {1,2,...,n}\{1, 2,..., n\} is a function σ\sigma from {1,2,...,n}\{1, 2,..., n\} to itself such that for any b{1,2,...,n}b \in \{1, 2,..., n\}, there exists some a{1,2,...,n}a \in \{1, 2,..., n\} satisfying σ(a)=b\sigma (a) = b.)
p11. In the diagram shown at right, how many ways are there to remove at least one edge so that some circle with an “A” and some circle with a “B” remain connected? https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/8/7/fde209c63cc23f6d3482009cc6016c7cefc868.png
p12. Let SS be the set of the 125125 points in three-dimension space of the form (x,y,z)(x, y, z) where xx, yy, and zz are integers between 11 and 55, inclusive. A family of snakes lives at the point (1,1,1)(1, 1, 1), and one day they decide to move to the point (5,5,5)(5, 5, 5). Snakes may slither only in increments of (1,0,0)(1,0,0), (0,1,0)(0, 1, 0), and (0,0,1)(0, 0, 1). Given that at least one snake has slithered through each point of SS by the time the entire family has reached (5,5,5)(5, 5, 5), what is the smallest number of snakes that could be in the family?
PS. You should use hide for answers. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here.
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2018 MMATHS Mathathon Rounds 5-7 Math Majors of America Tournament for HS

Round 5
p13. Circles ω1\omega_1, ω2\omega_2, and ω3\omega_3 have radii 88, 55, and 55, respectively, and each is externally tangent to the other two. Circle ω4\omega_4 is internally tangent to ω1\omega_1, ω2\omega_2, and ω3\omega_3, and circle ω5\omega_5 is externally tangent to the same three circles. Find the product of the radii of ω4\omega_4 and ω5\omega_5.
p14. Pythagoras has a regular pentagon with area 11. He connects each pair of non-adjacent vertices with a line segment, which divides the pentagon into ten triangular regions and one pentagonal region. He colors in all of the obtuse triangles. He then repeats this process using the smaller pentagon. If he continues this process an infinite number of times, what is the total area that he colors in? Please rationalize the denominator of your answer.
p15. Maisy arranges 6161 ordinary yellow tennis balls and 33 special purple tennis balls into a 4×4×44 \times 4 \times 4 cube. (All tennis balls are the same size.) If she chooses the tennis balls’ positions in the cube randomly, what is the probability that no two purple tennis balls are touching?
Round 6
p16. Points A,B,CA, B, C, and DD lie on a line (in that order), and BCE\vartriangle BCE is isosceles with BE=CE\overline{BE} = \overline{CE}. Furthermore, FF lies on BE\overline{BE} and GG lies on CE\overline{CE} such that BFD\vartriangle BFD and CGA\vartriangle CGA are both congruent to BCE\vartriangle BCE. Let HH be the intersection of DF\overline{DF} and AG\overline{AG}, and let II be the intersection of BE\overline{BE} and AG\overline{AG}. If mBCE=arcsin(1213)m \angle BCE = arcsin \left( \frac{12}{13} \right), what is HIFI\frac{\overline{HI}}{\overline{FI}} ?
p17. Three states are said to form a tri-state area if each state borders the other two. What is the maximum possible number of tri-state areas in a country with fifty states? Note that states must be contiguous and that states touching only at “corners” do not count as bordering.
p18. Let a,b,c,da, b, c, d, and ee be integers satisfying 2(23)2+23a+2b+(23)2c+23d+e=02(\sqrt[3]{2})^2 + \sqrt[3]{2}a + 2b + (\sqrt[3]{2})^2c +\sqrt[3]{2}d + e = 0 and 255i+25a55ib5c+5id+e=025\sqrt5 i + 25a - 5\sqrt5 ib - 5c + \sqrt5 id + e = 0 where i=1i =\sqrt{-1}. Find a+b+c+d+e|a + b + c + d + e|.
Round 7
p19. What is the greatest number of regions that 100100 ellipses can divide the plane into? Include the unbounded region.
p20. All of the faces of the convex polyhedron PP are congruent isosceles (but NOT equilateral) triangles that meet in such a way that each vertex of the polyhedron is the meeting point of either ten base angles of the faces or three vertex angles of the faces. (An isosceles triangle has two base angles and one vertex angle.) Find the sum of the numbers of faces, edges, and vertices of PP.
p21. Find the number of ordered 20182018-tuples of integers (x1,x2,....x2018)(x_1, x_2, .... x_{2018}), where each integer is between 20182-2018^2 and 201822018^2 (inclusive), satisfying 6(1x1+2x2+...+2018x2018)2(2018)(2019)(4037)(x12+x22+...+x20182).6(1x_1 + 2x_2 +...· + 2018x_{2018})^2 \ge (2018)(2019)(4037)(x^2_1 + x^2_2 + ... + x^2_{2018}).
PS. You should use hide for answers. Rounds 1-4 have been posted [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4h2784936p24472982]here. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here.

2018 MMATHS Mathathon Rounds 1-4 Math Majors of America Tournament for HS

Round 1
p1. Elaine creates a sequence of positive integers {sn}\{s_n\}. She starts with s1=2018s_1 = 2018. For n2n \ge 2, she sets sn=12sn1s_n =\frac12 s_{n-1} if sn1s_{n-1} is even and sn=sn1+1s_n = s_{n-1} + 1 if sn1s_{n-1} is odd. Find the smallest positive integer nn such that sn=1s_n = 1, or submit “00” as your answer if no such nn exists.
p2. Alice rolls a fair six-sided die with the numbers 11 through 66, and Bob rolls a fair eight-sided die with the numbers 11 through 88. Alice wins if her number divides Bob’s number, and Bob wins otherwise. What is the probability that Alice wins?
p3. Four circles each of radius 14\frac14 are centered at the points (±14,±14)\left( \pm \frac14, \pm \frac14 \right), and ther exists a fifth circle is externally tangent to these four circles. What is the radius of this fifth circle?
Round 2
p4. If Anna rows at a constant speed, it takes her two hours to row her boat up the river (which flows at a constant rate) to Bob’s house and thirty minutes to row back home. How many minutes would it take Anna to row to Bob’s house if the river were to stop flowing?
p5. Let a1=2018a_1 = 2018, and for n2n \ge 2 define an=2018an1a_n = 2018^{a_{n-1}} . What is the ones digit of a2018a_{2018}?
p6. We can write (x+35)n=i=0ncixi(x + 35)^n =\sum_{i=0}^n c_ix^i for some positive integer nn and real numbers cic_i. If c0=c2c_0 = c_2, what is nn?
Round 3
p7. How many positive integers are factors of 12!12! but not of (7!)2(7!)^2?
p8. How many ordered pairs (f(x),g(x))(f(x), g(x)) of polynomials of degree at least 11 with integer coefficients satisfy f(x)g(x)=50x63200f(x)g(x) = 50x^6 - 3200?
p9. On a math test, Alice, Bob, and Carol are each equally likely to receive any integer score between 11 and 1010 (inclusive). What is the probability that the average of their three scores is an integer?
Round 4
p10. Find the largest positive integer N such that (ab)(ac)(ad)(ae)(bc)(bd)(be)(cd)(ce)(de)(a-b)(a-c)(a-d)(a-e)(b-c)(b-d)(b-e)(c-d)(c-e)(d-e) is divisible by NN for all choices of positive integers a>b>c>d>ea > b > c > d > e.
p11. Let ABCDEABCDE be a square pyramid with ABCDABCD a square and E the apex of the pyramid. Each side length of ABCDEABCDE is 66. Let ABCDDCBAABCDD'C'B'A' be a cube, where AAAA', BBBB', CCCC', DDDD' are edges of the cube. Andy the ant is on the surface of EABCDDCBAEABCDD'C'B'A' at the center of triangle ABEABE (call this point GG) and wants to crawl on the surface of the cube to DD'. What is the length the shortest path from GG to DD'? Write your answer in the form a+b3\sqrt{a + b\sqrt3}, where aa and bb are positive integers.
p12. A six-digit palindrome is a positive integer between 100,000100, 000 and 999,999999, 999 (inclusive) which is the same read forwards and backwards in base ten. How many composite six-digit palindromes are there?
PS. You should use hide for answers. Rounds 5-7 have been posted [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4h2784943p24473026]here. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here.

2018 MMATHS Individual Round - Math Majors of America Tournament for High School

p1. Five friends arrive at a hotel which has three rooms. Rooms AA and BB hold two people each, and room CC holds one person. How many different ways could the five friends lodge for the night?
p2. The set of numbers {1,3,8,12,x}\{1, 3, 8, 12, x\} has the same average and median. What is the sum of all possible values of xx? (Note that xx is not necessarily greater than 1212.)
p3. How many four-digit numbers ABCD\overline{ABCD} are there such that the three-digit number BCD\overline{BCD} satisfies BCD=16ABCD\overline{BCD} = \frac16 \overline{ABCD}? (Note that AA must be nonzero.)
p4. Find the smallest positive integer nn such that nn leaves a remainder of 55 when divided by 1414, n2n^2 leaves a remainder of 11 when divided by 1212, and n3n^3 leaves a remainder of 77 when divided by 1010.
p5. In rectangle ABCDABCD, let EE lie on CD\overline{CD}, and let FF be the intersection of AC\overline{AC} and BE\overline{BE}. If the area of ABF\vartriangle ABF is 4545 and the area of CEF\vartriangle CEF is 2020, find the area of the quadrilateral ADEFADEF.
p6. If xx and yy are integers and 14x2y338x2+21y3=201814x^2y^3 - 38x^2 + 21y^3 = 2018, what is the value of x2yx^2y?
p7. A,B,C,DA, B, C, D all lie on a circle with AB=BC=CD\overline{AB} = \overline{BC} = \overline{CD}. If the distance between any two of these points is a positive integer, what is the smallest possible perimeter of quadrilateral ABCDABCD?
p8. Compute m=1n=1mcos2(n)+nsin2(m)3m+n(m+n)\sum^{\infty}_{m=1} \sum^{\infty}_{n=1} \frac{m\cos^2(n) + n \sin^2(m)}{3^{m+n}(m + n)}
p9. Diane has a collection of weighted coins with different probabilities of landing on heads, and she flips nine coins sequentially according to a particular set of rules. She uses a coin that always lands on heads for her first and second flips, and she uses a coin that always lands on tails for her third flip. For each subsequent flip, she chooses a coin to flip as follows: if she has so far flipped aa heads out of bb total flips, then she uses a coin with an ab\frac{a}{b} probability of landing on heads. What is the probability that after all nine flips, she has gotten six heads and three tails?
p10. For any prime number pp, let SpS_p be the sum of all the positive divisors of 37pp3737^pp^{37} (including 11 and 37pp3737^pp^{37}). Find the sum of all primes pp such that SpS_p is divisible by pp.
p11. Six people are playing poker. At the beginning of the game, they have 11, 22, 33, 44, 55, and 66 dollars, respectively. At the end of the game, nobody has lost more than a dollar, and each player has a distinct nonnegative integer dollar amount. (The total amount of money in the game remains constant.) How many distinct finishing rankings (i.e. lists of first place through sixth place) are possible?
p12. Let C1C_1 be a circle of radius 11, and let C2C_2 be a circle of radius 12\frac12 internally tangent to C1C_1. Let {ω0,ω1,...}\{\omega_0, \omega_1, ... \} be an infinite sequence of circles, such that ω0\omega_0 has radius 12\frac12 and each ωk\omega_k is internally tangent to C1C_1 and externally tangent to both C2C_2 and ωk+1\omega_{k+1}. (The ωk\omega_k’s are mutually distinct.) What is the radius of ω100\omega_{100}?
PS. You should use hide for answers. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here.