MathDB

2002 Chile Classification NMO Seniors

Part of Chile Classification NMO

Subcontests

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2002 Chile Classification / Qualifying NMO Seniors XIV

p1. Sergio has at his disposal a jug containing two liters of tea and a jug containing two liters of milk. Sergio takes a graduated glass and removes 5050 cm3^3 of tea and places it in the jug with milk. After stirring the contents, he removes 5050 cm3^3 of the mixture and places it in the jug containing tea. Later of these operations, is there more tea in the milk jug or is there more milk in the tea jug?
p2. Prove that it is not possible to construct a triangle with an area greater than 12a2\frac12 a^2 within a square of side aa.
p3 Prove that there is no such sequence that fulfills simultaneously: \bullet an+1+an+2+...+an+2002>0a_{n + 1} + a_{n + 2} +... + a_{n + 2002}> 0 for all natural nn. \bullet a1+a2+...+a2002n+a2002n+1<0a_1 + a_2 +... + a_{2002n} + a_{2002n + 1} <0 for all natural nn.
p4. A wedding party is organized for Valentine's Day. KK couples join. The homeowner notices that each person, other than himself, health or a different number of participants. If a person does not greet himself or his spouse, prove that the homeowner is healthy or in the middle of the guests. (In particular, he is rude and so is his wife.).
p5. The number 33 has the following representations as the sum of positive numbers: 3+03 + 0, 2+12 + 1, 1+21 + 2, 1+1+11 + 1 + 1, considering important the order in which it is added, except in the case of 33. Show that any positive integer n can be expressed in 2n12^{n-1} different ways with these considerations of order.
p6. We consider a chessboard of 2002×20022002\times 2002 squares. 100.000100.000 towers are placed in the board. Two towers are said to be neighboring if they are still in the same vertical or horizontal position and there is no other tower between them. Prove that the 100,000100,000 towers can be painted using three colors such that two towers neighbors are not painted the same color.
p7. Let CC be a circle, prove that the nn-sided polygon inscribed in CC with greater area is a regular polygon.
Hint: Treat first the case n=3n = 3, then n=4n = 4 and lastly generalize.