MathDB
Game with convex hull

Source: EMC 2023 Junior P2

December 18, 2023
combinatorial geometrycombinatorics

Problem Statement

Let n>5n>5 be an integer. There are nn points in the plane, no three of them collinear. Each day, Tom erases one of the points, until there are three points left. On the ii-th day, for 1<i<n31<i<n-3, before erasing that day's point, Tom writes down the positive integer v(i)v(i) such that the convex hull of the points at that moment has v(i)v(i) vertices. Finally, he writes down v(n2)=3v(n-2) = 3. Find the greatest possible value that the expression v(1)v(2)+v(2)v(3)++v(n3)v(n2)|v(1)-v(2)|+ |v(2)-v(3)| + \ldots + |v(n-3)-v(n-2)| can obtain among all possible initial configurations of nn points and all possible Tom's moves.
Remark. A convex hull of a finite set of points in the plane is the smallest convex polygon containing all the points of the set (inside it or on the boundary).
Ivan Novak, Namik Agić