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Putnam 1946 A3

Source: Putnam 1946

March 13, 2022
Putnam3D geometry

Problem Statement

A projectile in flight is observed simultaneously from four radio stations which are situated at the corners of a square of side bb. The distances of the projectile from the four stations, taken in order around the square, are found to be R1,R2,R3R_1 , R_2 , R_3 and R4R_4. Show that R12+R32=R22+R42.R_{1}^{2}+ R_{3}^{2}= R_{2}^{2}+ R_{4}^{2}. Show also that the height hh of the projectile above the ground is given by h2=12b2+14(R12+R22+R32+R42)18b2(R14+R24+R34+R442R12R322R22R42).h^{2}=- \frac{1}{2} b^2 +\frac{1}{4}(R_{1}^{2}+R_{2}^{2}+R_{3}^{2}+R_{4}^{2}) -\frac{1}{8 b^{2}}(R_{1}^{4}+R_{2}^{4}+R_{3}^{4}+R_{4}^{4}- 2 R_{1}^{2}R_{3}^{2} -2 R_{2}^{2} R_{4}^{2}).