MathDB
Always possible to choose some friends

Source: 2019 Brazil Ibero TST P2

June 14, 2023
combinatorics

Problem Statement

We say that a distribution of students lined upen in collumns is <spanclass=latexitalic>bacana</span><span class='latex-italic'>bacana</span> when there are no two friends in the same column. We know that all contestants in a math olympiad can be arranged in a <spanclass=latexitalic>bacana</span><span class='latex-italic'>bacana</span> configuration with nn columns, and that this is impossible with n1n-1 columns. Show that we can choose competitors M1,M2,,MnM_1, M_2, \cdots, M_n in such a way that MiM_i is on the ii-th column, for each i=1,2,3,,ni = 1, 2, 3, \ldots, n and MiM_i is a friend of Mi+1M_{i+1} for each i=1,2,,n1i = 1, 2, \ldots, n - 1.