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probability concerning 3n cards with a different number each

Source: 2010 Indonesia TST stage 2 test 2 p4

December 16, 2020
probabilitycombinatorics

Problem Statement

Given 3n3n cards, each of them will be written with a number from the following sequence: 2,3,...,n,n+1,n+3,n+4,...,2n+1,2n+2,2n+4,...,3n+32, 3, ..., n, n + 1, n + 3, n + 4, ..., 2n + 1, 2n + 2, 2n + 4, ..., 3n + 3 with each number used exactly once. Then every card is arranged from left to right in random order. Determine the probability such that for every ii with 1i3n1\le i \le 3n, the number written on the ii-th card, counted from the left, is greater than or equal to ii.