MathDB
whatever strategy is the list of numbers on the blackboard remains the same

Source: P2 Francophone Math Olympiad Junior 2023

May 2, 2023
combinatoricsgamegame strategy

Problem Statement

On her blackboard, Alice has written nn integers strictly greater than 11. Then, she can, as often as she likes, erase two numbers aa and bb such that aba \neq b, and replace them with qq and q2q^2, where qq is the product of the prime factors of abab (each prime factor is counted only once). For instance, if Alice erases the numbers 44 and 66, the prime factors of ab=23×3ab = 2^3 \times 3 and 22 and 33, and Alice writes q=6q = 6 and q2=36q^2 =36. Prove that, after some time, and whatever Alice's strategy is, the list of numbers written on the blackboard will never change anymore.
Note: The order of the numbers of the list is not important.