MathDB
Squiggle is composed of six equilateral triangles

Source: Baltic Way 2007

November 30, 2010
geometrygeometric transformationrotationreflectionparallelogrammodular arithmeticcombinatorics proposed

Problem Statement

A squiggle is composed of six equilateral triangles with side length 11 as shown in the figure below. Determine all possible integers nn such that an equilateral triangle with side length nn can be fully covered with squiggles (rotations and reflections of squiggles are allowed, overlappings are not).
[asy] import graph; size(100); real lsf = 0.5; pen dp = linewidth(0.7) + fontsize(10); defaultpen(dp); pen ds = black; draw((0,0)--(0.5,1),linewidth(2pt)); draw((0.5,1)--(1,0),linewidth(2pt)); draw((0,0)--(3,0),linewidth(2pt)); draw((1.5,1)--(2,0),linewidth(2pt)); draw((2,0)--(2.5,1),linewidth(2pt)); draw((0.5,1)--(2.5,1),linewidth(2pt)); draw((1,0)--(2,2),linewidth(2pt)); draw((2,2)--(3,0),linewidth(2pt)); dot((0,0),ds); dot((1,0),ds); dot((0.5,1),ds); dot((2,0),ds); dot((1.5,1),ds); dot((3,0),ds); dot((2.5,1),ds); dot((2,2),ds); clip((-4.28,-10.96)--(-4.28,6.28)--(16.2,6.28)--(16.2,-10.96)--cycle);[/asy]