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BMO 2021 Problem 4

Source: Balkan MO Problem 4

September 8, 2021
Balkan Mathematics Olympiad

Problem Statement

Problem 4. Angel has a warehouse, which initially contains 100100 piles of 100100 pieces of rubbish each. Each morning, Angel performs exactly one of the following moves: (a) He clears every piece of rubbish from a single pile. (b) He clears one piece of rubbish from each pile.
However, every evening, a demon sneaks into the warehouse and performs exactly one of the following moves: (a) He adds one piece of rubbish to each non-empty pile. (b) He creates a new pile with one piece of rubbish.
What is the first morning when Angel can guarantee to have cleared all the rubbish from the warehouse?