MathDB
Weighted Dice

Source: 2014 AIME II Problem #6

March 27, 2014
probabilityrelatively primeAMCconditional probabilityAIME

Problem Statement

Charles has two six-sided dice. One of the dice is fair, and the other die is biased so that it comes up six with probability 23,\tfrac23, and each of the other five sides has probability 115.\tfrac{1}{15}. Charles chooses one of the two dice at random and rolls it three times. Given that the first two rolls are both sixes, the probability that the third roll will also be a six is pq,\tfrac{p}{q}, where pp and qq are relatively prime positive integers. Find p+qp+q.