MathDB
Fill in a "magic" 6x6 square

Source: Taiwan 2014 TST3 Quiz 1, P1

July 18, 2014
analytic geometrymodular arithmeticcombinatorics proposedcombinatorics

Problem Statement

Consider a 6×66 \times 6 grid. Define a diagonal to be the six squares whose coordinates (i,j)(i,j) (1i,j6)1 \le i,j \le 6) satisfy ijk(mod6)i-j \equiv k \pmod 6 for some k=0,1,,5k=0,1,\dots,5. Hence there are six diagonals.
Determine if it is possible to fill it with the numbers 1,2,,361,2,\dots,36 (each exactly once) such that each row, each column, and each of the six diagonals has the same sum.