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2021 SMT Guts Round 8 p29-32 - Stanford Math Tournament

Source:

February 11, 2022
algebrageometrycombinatoricsnumber theoryStanford Math TournamentSMT

Problem Statement

p29. Consider pentagon ABCDEABCDE. How many paths are there from vertex AA to vertex EE where no edge is repeated and does not go through EE.
p30. Let a1,a2,...a_1, a_2, ... be a sequence of positive real numbers such that n=1an=4\sum^{\infty}_{n=1} a_n = 4. Compute the maximum possible value of n=1an2n\sum^{\infty}_{n=1}\frac{\sqrt{a_n}}{2^n} (assume this always converges).
p31. Define function f(x)=x4+4f(x) = x^4 + 4. Let P=k=12021f(4k1)f(4k3).P =\prod^{2021}_{k=1} \frac{f(4k - 1)}{f(4k - 3)}. Find the remainder when PP is divided by 10001000.
p32. Reduce the following expression to a simplified rational: cos7π9+cos75π9+cos77π9\cos^7 \frac{\pi}{9} + \cos^7 \frac{5\pi}{9}+ \cos^7 \frac{7\pi}{9}
PS. You should use hide for answers. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here.