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Romania TST 2016 Day 2 P3

Source: Romania TST 2016 Day 2 P3

November 1, 2017
number theoryalgebra

Problem Statement

Prove that: (a) If (an)n1(a_n)_{n\geq 1} is a strictly increasing sequence of positive integers such that a2n1+a2nan\frac{a_{2n-1}+a_{2n}}{a_n} is a constant as nn runs through all positive integers, then this constant is an integer greater than or equal to 44; and (b) Given an integer N4N\geq 4, there exists a strictly increasing sequene (an)n1(a_n)_{n\geq 1} of positive integers such that a2n1+a2nan=N\frac{a_{2n-1}+a_{2n}}{a_n}=N for all indices nn.