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Fruits in a box

Source: Lusophon Mathematical Olympiad 2022 Problem 2

November 3, 2022
combinatoricsGame Theory

Problem Statement

Anselmo and Claudio are playing alternatively a game with fruits in a box. The box initially has 3232 fruits. Anselmo plays first and each turn consists of taking away 11, 22 or 33 fruits from the box or taking away 23\frac{2}{3} of the fruits from the box (this is only possible when the number of the fruits left in the box is a multiple of 33). The player that takes away the last fruit from the box wins. Which of these two players has a winning strategy? How should that player play in order to win?