MathDB
Constant Sum of Numbers in a Book

Source: 2nd Final Mathematical Cup Senior Division P3 (2020)

October 1, 2020
combinatoricsinvariant

Problem Statement

Given a paper on which the numbers 1,2,3,14,151,2,3\dots ,14,15 are written. Andy and Bobby are bored and perform the following operations, Andy chooses any two numbers (say xx and yy) on the paper, erases them, and writes the sum of the numbers on the initial paper. Meanwhile, Bobby writes the value of xy(x+y)xy(x+y) in his book. They were so bored that they both performed the operation until only 11 number remained. Then Bobby adds up all the numbers he wrote in his book, let’s call kk as the sum. aa. Prove that kk is constant which means it does not matter how they perform the operation, bb. Find the value of kk.