MathDB
Scanning rectangles for treasure

Source: Canada MO 2024/4

March 8, 2024
geometryrectanglecombinatorics

Problem Statement

Treasure was buried in a single cell of an M×NM\times N (2M2\le M, NN) grid. Detectors were brought to find the cell with the treasure. For each detector, you can set it up to scan a specific subgrid [a,b]×[c,d][a,b]\times[c,d] with 1abM1\le a\le b\le M and 1cdN1\le c\le d\le N. Running the detector will tell you whether the treasure is in the region or not, though it cannot say where in the region the treasure was detected. You plan on setting up QQ detectors, which may only be run simultaneously after all QQ detectors are ready.
In terms of MM and NN, what is the minimum QQ required to gaurantee to determine the location of the treasure?