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Disorderly sequences

Source: Finnish Mathematics Competition 2005, Final Round, Problem 5

November 14, 2011
combinatorics unsolvedcombinatorics

Problem Statement

A finite sequence is said to be disorderly, if no two terms of the sequence have their average in between them. For example, (0,2,1)(0, 2, 1) is disorderly, for 1=0+221 = \frac{0+2}{2} is not in between 00 and 22, and the other averages 0+12=12\frac{0+1}{2} = \frac{1}{2} and 2+12=112\frac{2+1}{2} = 1\frac{1}{2} do not even occur in the sequence. Prove that for every nNn \in \Bbb{N} there is a disorderly sequence enumerating the numbers 0,1,,n0, 1,\ldots , n without repetitions.