Switching operations in a cube
Source: ARO Regional stage 2023 9.10
February 16, 2023
3D geometrycombinatoricsRussia
Problem Statement
A cube is divided into a million unit cubes and in each small cube there is a light bulb. Three faces of the large cube having a common vertex are painted: one in red, one in blue and the other in green. Call a a set of cubes forming a block . Each of the columns have one painted end cell, on which there is a switch. After pressing a switch, the states of all light bulbs of this column are changed. Petya pressed several switches, getting a situation with exactly lamps on. Prove that Vasya can press several switches so that all lamps are off, but by using no more than switches on the red face.