MathDB
walking over the edges of a connected graph, stuck at same vertexat the end

Source: 2015 Brazil IMO TST 4.1

July 23, 2021
graph theorycombinatorics

Problem Statement

Starting at a vertex x0x_0, we walk over the edges of a connected graph GG according to the following rules:
1. We never walk the same edge twice in the same direction.
2. Once we reach a vertex xx0x \ne x_0, never visited before, we mark the edge by which we come to xx. We can use this marked edge to leave vertex xx only if we already have traversed, in both directions, all other edges incident to xx.
Show that, regardless of the path followed, we will always be stuck at x0x_0 and that all other edges will have been traveled in both directions.