MathDB
Chromatic number inequality

Source: Kvant Magazine No. 1 2024 M2780

April 7, 2024
graph theoryChromatic numbercombinatorics

Problem Statement

Consider a natural number n3n\geqslant 3 and a graph GG{} with a chromatic number χ(G)=n\chi(G)=n which has more than nn{} vertices. Prove that there exist two vertex-disjoint subgraphs G1G_1{} and G2G_2{} of GG{} such that χ(G1)+χ(G2)n+1.\chi(G_1)+\chi(G_2)\geqslant n+1.
Proposed by V. Dolnikov