MathDB
non-negative elements

Source: Bundeswettbewerb Mathematik 1991, round two, problem 4

June 19, 2004
algebra unsolvedalgebra

Problem Statement

Given wo non-negative integers aa and bb, one of them is odd and the other one even. By the following rule we define two sequences (an),(bn)(a_n),(b_n): a_0 = a,   a_1 = b,   a_{n+1} = 2a_n - a_{n-1} + 2   (n = 1,2,3, \ldots) b_0 = b,   b_1 = a,   b_{n+1} = 2a_n - b_{n-1} + 2   (n = 1,2,3, \ldots) Prove that none of these two sequences contain a negative element if and only if we have ab1|\sqrt{a} - \sqrt{b}| \leq 1.