Canadian MO 2021 P5
Source:
March 12, 2021
combinatorics
Problem Statement
Nina and Tadashi play the following game. Initially, a triple of nonnegative integers with is written on a blackboard. Nina and Tadashi then take moves in turn, with Nina first. A player making a move chooses a positive integer and one of the three entries on the board; then the player increases the chosen entry by and decreases the other two entries by . A player loses if, on their turn, some entry on the board becomes negative.Find the number of initial triples for which Tadashi has a winning strategy.