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product of digits sequence

Source: Netherlands - Dutch NMO 1964 p5

January 31, 2023
number theoryproduct of digitsProductDigits

Problem Statement

Consider a sequence of non-negative integers g1,g2,g3,..._1,g_2,g_3,... each consisting of three digits (numbers smaller than 100100 are also written with three digits; the number 2727, for example, is written as 027027). Each number consists of the preceding by taking the product of the three digits that make up the preceding. The resulting sequence is of course dependent on the choice of g1g_1 (e.g. g1=359g_1 = 359 leads to g2=135g_2= 135, g3=015g_3= 015, g4=000g_4 = 000).Prove that independent of the choice of g1g_1: (a) gn+1gng_{n+1}\le g_n (b) g10=000g_{10}= 000.