MathDB
MMO 355 Moscow MO 1957 student uses subway and tram, money

Source:

August 20, 2019
algebranumber theory

Problem Statement

a) A student takes a subway to an Olympiad, pays one ruble and gets his change. Prove that if he takes a tram (street car) on his way home, he will have enough coins to pay the fare without change. b) A student is going to a club. (S)he takes a tram, pays one ruble and gets the change. Prove that on the way back by a tram (s)he will be able to pay the fare without any need to change.
Note: In 19571957, the price of a subway ticket was 5050 kopeks, that of a tram ticket 3030 kopeks, the denominations of the coins were 1,2,3,5,10,151, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 2020 kopeks. (11 rouble = 100100 kopeks.)