MathDB
Infinite process on a board

Source: IMO Shortlist 2018 C6

July 17, 2019
IMO ShortlistcombinatoricsIMO shortlist 2018

Problem Statement

Let aa and bb be distinct positive integers. The following infinite process takes place on an initially empty board.
[*] If there is at least a pair of equal numbers on the board, we choose such a pair and increase one of its components by aa and the other by bb. [*] If no such pair exists, we write two times the number 00.
Prove that, no matter how we make the choices in (i)(i), operation (ii)(ii) will be performed only finitely many times.
Proposed by [I]Serbia[/I].