MathDB
Collapsible arrangements [CMO 2018 - P1]

Source: 2018 Canadian Mathematical Olympiad - P1

March 31, 2018
combinatorics

Problem Statement

Consider an arrangement of tokens in the plane, not necessarily at distinct points. We are allowed to apply a sequence of moves of the following kind: select a pair of tokens at points AA and BB and move both of them to the midpoint of AA and BB.
We say that an arrangement of nn tokens is collapsible if it is possible to end up with all nn tokens at the same point after a finite number of moves. Prove that every arrangement of nn tokens is collapsible if and only if nn is a power of 22.