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GCD and arithmetic sequence

Source: 2023 Japan TST p1

7/21/2023
Let nn be a positive integer with at least 44 positive divisors. Let d(n)d(n) be the number of positive divisors of nn. Find all values of nn for which there exists a sequence of d(n)1d(n) - 1 positive integers a1a_1, a2a_2, \dots, ad(n)1a_{d(n)-1} that forms an arithmetic sequence and satisfies the following condition: for any integers ii and jj with 1i<jd(n)11 \leq i < j \leq d(n) - 1, we have gcd(ai,n)gcd(aj,n)\gcd(a_i , n) \neq \gcd(a_j , n).
number theoryarithmetic sequenceJapanTST