1994 Brazil National Olympiad

Part of Brazil National Olympiad

Subcontests

(6)

1

Caracterizing right-angled triangles

A triangle has semi-perimeter

s

R

r

. Show that it is right-angled iff

2R = s - r

1

Super-integers and divisors of super-zero

Call a super-integer an infinite sequence of decimal digits:

\ldots d_n \ldots d_2d_1

.
(Formally speaking, it is the sequence

(d_1,d_2d_1,d_3d_2d_1,\ldots)

)
Given two such super-integers

\ldots c_n \ldots c_2c_1

\ldots d_n \ldots d_2d_1

, their product

\ldots p_n \ldots p_2p_1

is formed by taking

p_n \ldots p_2p_1

to be the last n digits of the product

c_n \ldots c_2c_1

d_n \ldots d_2d_1

. Can we find two non-zero super-integers with zero product? (a zero super-integer has all its digits zero)

1

A > b (very easy)

a, b > 0

be reals such that

a^3=a+1\\ b^6=b+3a

a>b

1

Weighing the coins!

We are given n objects of identical appearance, but different mass, and a balance which can be used to compare any two objects (but only one object can be placed in each pan at a time). How many times must we use the balance to find the heaviest object and the lightest object?

1

Three vertices consecutives and its circumcircle

Given any convex polygon, show that there are three consecutive vertices such that the polygon lies inside the circle through them.

1

Numbers in a cube

The edges of a cube are labeled from 1 to 12 in an arbitrary manner. Show that it is not possible to get the sum of the edges at each vertex the same. Show that we can get eight vertices with the same sum if one of the labels is changed to 13.