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Problems(2)

Difficult abstraction with sets

Source: European Mathematical Cup 2022, Junior Division, Problem 4

12/19/2022
A collection FF of distinct (not necessarily non-empty) subsets of X={1,2,,300}X = \{1,2,\ldots,300\} is lovely if for any three (not necessarily distinct) sets AA, BB and CC in FF at most three out of the following eight sets are non-empty \begin{align*}A \cap B \cap C, \ \ \ \overline{A} \cap B \cap C, \ \ \ A \cap \overline{B} \cap C, \ \ \ A \cap B \cap \overline{C}, \\ \overline{A} \cap \overline{B} \cap C, \ \ \ \overline{A} \cap B \cap \overline {C}, \ \ \ A \cap \overline{B} \cap \overline{C}, \ \ \ \overline{A} \cap \overline{B} \cap \overline{C} \end{align*} where S\overline{S} denotes the set of all elements of XX which are not in SS.
What is the greatest possible number of sets in a lovely collection?
combinatoricsSetsintersections
So few points, so many tangencies

Source: European Mathematical Cup 2022, Senior Division, Problem 4

12/20/2022
Five points AA, BB, CC, DD and EE lie on a circle τ\tau clockwise in that order such that ABCEAB \parallel CE and ABC>90\angle ABC > 90^{\circ}. Let kk be a circle tangent to ADAD, CECE and τ\tau such that kk and τ\tau touch on the arc DE^\widehat{DE} not containing AA, BB and CC. Let FAF \neq A be the intersection of τ\tau and the tangent line to kk passing through AA different from ADAD.
Prove that there exists a circle tangent to BDBD, BFBF, CECE and τ\tau.
geometrytangentcircletrapezoid