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Balkan MO Shortlist
2023 Balkan MO Shortlist
C2
C2
Part of
2023 Balkan MO Shortlist
Problems
(1)
Swapping numbers that sum to a perfect square
Source: BMO SL 2023 C2
5/3/2024
For an integer
n
>
2
n>2
n
>
2
, the tuple
(
1
,
2
,
…
,
n
)
(1, 2, \ldots, n)
(
1
,
2
,
…
,
n
)
is written on a blackboard. On each turn, one can choose two numbers from the tuple such that their sum is a perfect square and swap them to obtain a new tuple. Find all integers
n
>
2
n > 2
n
>
2
for which all permutations of
{
1
,
2
,
…
,
n
}
\{1, 2,\ldots, n\}
{
1
,
2
,
…
,
n
}
can appear on the blackboard in this way.
combinatorics